An uncertain future: the “ir + inf ” and “haber (de) + inf ” variation in the contemporary oral galician language
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32766/cdl.40.820Keywords:
future, Galician, evidentiality, corpus, variationismAbstract
This paper analyzes the future expression variation in contemporary oral Galician. This language has mechanisms for expressing futurity that go beyond the synthetic future: periphrases with <em>ir</em> and <em>haber</em> + infinitive, on the one hand, and the use of the present for future, on the other (Álvarez & Xove 2002; Freixeiro Mato 2006). Forms with <em>ir</em> and <em>haber</em> coexist for the future temporal reference and will be the protagonists of the present investigation. What linguistic factors favor each of the forms? Does <em>haber</em> +
<em>inf</em>. conserve uses derived from its deontic origins? How are both forms related to their respective processes of grammaticalization? With that in mind, 150 examples of the periphrastic future (<em>ir</em> + <em>inf</em>.) and 150 examples of the future with <em>haber</em> (<em>haber</em> (<em>de</em>) + <em>inf</em>.) were extracted from the Computerized Oral Corpus of the Galician Language and coded according to various linguistic factors. After a variationist analysis using the statistical program Goldvarb/Vabrul, the quantitative results for the statistically significant factors are shown. Next, we provide some analytical readings of this variation from usage-based linguistics. Finally, this work sheds light on the fine boundaries between temporality and modality regarding the future, as well as on these competing forms’ possible grammaticalization processes.
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